Taken at the fastest shutter speed available with the lens cap on. Bias frames-identify electrical read noise from the camera.Taken during the same session and at the same shutter speed as light frames but with the lens cap on. Dark frames-identify hot pixels and thermal noise, arising from long exposure times, to be cleaned from the light frames.Types of calibration frameĪffinity Photo can process four kinds of calibration frame, each of which identifies different noise. For example, hot pixels could be misidentified as stars, affecting alignment during stacking. Noise is inherent in the shooting environment and is influenced by several factors, including: overall thermal conditions, which can vary over time background electrical interference in the camera and hot pixels in the camera sensor. The use of calibration frames is optional but strongly recommended. About calibration framesĬalibration frames help to clean up imagery, by identifying and removing noise from the light frames-the excess of it, at least-as well as dust spots, vignetting and other artefacts. The stacking process is performed to 32-bit linear unbounded floating point precision throughout, which maximises your options for tone-stretching and other post-processing you might perform. Stacking of the light frames increases the SNR (signal-to-noise ratio). It requires light frames, which are long exposures of the night sky, and several kinds of calibration frame. About astrophotography stacking About astrophotography stackingĪffinity Photo's Astrophotography Stack Persona is used to create high-quality celestial images.
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